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Hireling

Culture & Society

What is the meaning of Hireling in the Bible?

A hireling denotes a wage laborer in the ancient Near East, characterized by a lack of permanent attachment to the employer's property and a reliance on daily payment for survival. Biblical narratives contrast this transient status with that of a shepherd who owns the flock, emphasizing the hireling's tendency to flee danger to protect personal safety rather than the flock.

SIGNIFICANCE

Understanding the economic vulnerability and social status of a hireling clarifies the metaphorical weight of Jesus' declaration in John 10, where the contrast between the good shepherd and the hireling underscores the difference between sacrificial leadership and self-interested management.

Bible Study Quick-Reference Guide

Ancient Cultural Lens: Avoid applying 21st-century Western assumptions to Hireling. Examine how first-century or Near Eastern listeners understood this practice within their daily social dynamics.
Bible Study Reflection Prompts:
  • Why did the biblical author mention Hireling in this passage?
  • What cultural or historical assumption does Hireling clarify?

Source Attribution

Built upon the 1915 International Standard Bible Encyclopedia and Easton's Bible Dictionary (1897). Entries have been modernized, checked for academic truthfulness, and shortened for clarity.

How to Cite This Entry

"Hireling." Ancient Context Dictionary. Accessed 2026. https://ancientcontext.com/context/hireling/
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